Unassigned, Army of the Potomac
Captain J Conner, commanding company A, Hampton Legion Infantry
Hampton Legion
COLONEL W HAMPTON
LIEUTENANT COLONEL B J JOHNSON
MAJOR J B GRIFFIN
Major J B Griffin remained at the cavalry camp, Ashland, with the Hampton Legion cavalry and was not present on 21 July, 1861.
HAMPTON LEGION Battalion INFANTRY
- Company A Washington Light Infantry Volunteers: CAPT. J CONNER
During the battle the company, 110 men, joined the 2nd South Carolina Infantry after becoming detached from the Hampton Legion Infantry. - Company B Watson Guard: CAPT. M W GARY
- Company C Manning Guards: CAPT. B MANNING
- Company D Gist Riflemen: CAPT. H J SMITH
- Company E Bozeman Guards: FIRST LT. R B ARNOLD
Commanding company as Captain T L Bozeman discharged due to illness prior to 21 July, 1861. - Company F Davis Guards: CAPT. J S AUSTIN
- Company G Clarmont Rifles: CAPT. J G SPANN
Declined Confederate service with the 2nd South Carolina Infantry and assigned to the Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry on 19 August, 1861. - Company H (1st) German Volunteers: CAPT. W K BACHMAN
The company was assigned on 22 August, 1861, and transferred to Hampton Legion Battalion Artillery, Company B, on 1 November, 1861. - Company H (2nd) South Carolina Zouave Volunteers: CAPT. L C MCCORD
The company was assigned on 23 October, 1861, to replace Company H (1st) but did not join the Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry until 29 July, 1862, near Richmond, Virginia. - Company I Hall's Company: CAPT. D L HALL
Attached by Special Order No.39 on 11 November, 1862, which consolidated the five companies of the 13th South Carolina Battalion Infantry into two, I and K (See 4th South Carolina Infantry). - Company K Bowen's Company: CAPT. J H BOWEN
Attached to the Legion via Special Order No.39 on 11 November, 1862 which consolidated the five companies of the 13th South Carolina Battalion Infantry into two, I and K (See 4th South Carolina Infantry).
The Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry was mustered in Confederate service for twelve months between 12 June and 19 June, 1861, at 'Camp Hampton' near Columbia. The Clarmont Rifles was mustered in Confederate service on 19 August, 1861, at Lightwood Knot Springs, near Columbia. The German Volunteers was mustered in Confederate service on 22 August, 1861, and on 23 September, 1861, it was ordered to Manassas Junction arriving on 30 September, 1861. The South Carolina Zouave Volunteers was mustered in Confederate service on 27 Octobert, 1861, near Columbia.
HAMPTON LEGION Battalion CAVALRY
- Company A Edgefield Hussars: CAPT. M C BUTLER
Assigned to the 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, Company I, when the cavalry battalion was reorganised on 22 August, 1862. - Company B Brooks Troop: CAPT. J F LANNEAU
Assigned to the 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, Company K, when the cavalry battalion was reorganised on 22 August, 1862. - Company C Beaufort District Troop: CAPT. T E SCREVEN
Assigned to the 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, Company B, when the cavalry battalion was reorganised on 22 August, 1862. - Company D Congaree Troop: CAPT. T TAYLOR
Assigned to the 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, Company H, when the cavalry battalion was reorganised on 22 August, 1862.
The Edgefield Hussars and the Brooks Troop were mustered into Confederate service on 14 June, 1861, and the Beaufort District Troop on 22 June, 1861, at 'Camp Hampton' near Columbia. The Congaree Troop were mustered into Confederate service on 5 August, 1861, on their arrival at Richmond, Virginia.. Companies A, B, and C of the cavlary battalion were ready to march to Manassas Junction on 19 July, 1861, but as no orders arrived Major J B Griffin remained at the cavalry camp of instruction at Ashland. The Congaree Troop, under the command of Captain T Taylor, arrived at Ashland on 20 July, 1861, and, not being drilled, remained behind for a few days when the cavalry battalion left for Manassas Junction on the 22 July, 1861. The three companies arrived at Manassas Junction on 24 July, 1861, and rejoined the Hampton Legion at 'Camp Johnson'. The Congaree Troop were ordered to march on 16 August, 1861, and rejoined the Hampton Legion on 26 August, 1861.
HAMPTON LEGION Battalion ARTILLERY
- Company A Washington Artillery: CAPT. S D LEE
First Lieutenant J F Hart commading the company until 24 July, 1861, as Captain S D Lee was assigned as aide-de-camp to Brigadier General P G T Beauregard. The company was reorganised in July 1862, as an independent company of horse artillery, under the command of Captain J F Hart. - Company B German Artillery: CAPT. W K BACHMAN
The company was assigned to the Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry, Company H (1st), on 24 September, 1861, and on 1 November, 1861, it was converted to artillery with Captain S D Lee promoted to the temporary rank of major to command the battalion. The company was reorganised in July 1862, and was detached from the Hampton Legion for the remained of its term of service.
The Washington Artillery was mustered into Confederate service on 15 June, 1861, and after arriving at 'Camp Manning' near Richmond on 13 July, 1861, received two 3 inch rifled pieces. The company was detained from serving with the Hampton Legion on 21 July, remaining in Richmond, having not received ordnance from the Tredegar Foundry. On 23 July, 1861, having finally received four Tredegar howitzers, it left Richmond for Manassas Junction, and arrived on 3 August, 1861, rejoing the Hampton Legion.
Source
"I am now stationed, with all the Cavalry of the Legion, at this place which is about fifteen miles from Richmond. This is a small country village situated on the Richmond and Fredric[k]sburg rail road. There is a regular Cavalry Camp here, no infantry, under the direction of army Officers." Cavalry camp, Ashland, 11 July, 1861
A Gentleman and an Officer: A military and social history of James B Griffin's Civil War, by Judith N McArthur and Orville V Burton
"The 'maiden fight' of the artillery branch of the Legion took place on 26 September when a section of the Washington Artillery, commanded by Captain S D Lee, and consisting of two rifled 6 pounders and a rifled 32 pounder nick-named 'Long Tom', a captured trophy from Manassas manned by a detachment of the Purcell Artillery, were sent to Freestone Point on the Potomac River."
South Carolina Volunteers in the Civil War: The Hampton Legion Part I: Regimental History, in collaboration with W B Bynum and H M Madaus with text and illustrations by R Field
"After First Manassas, Colonel Hampton attempted to exchange two of these iron Tredegar howitzers for two Dahlgren 12 pounder boat howitzers, on field carraiges, abandoned by the 71st New York State Militia at the end of the battle. As it turned out, the Dahlgrens were issued instead to the Rowan Artillery of North Carolina (Reilly's Battery).
South Carolina Volunteers in the Civil War: The Hampton Legion Part 2: Company Histories, in collaboration with W B Bynum and H M Madaus with text and illustrations by R Field
South Carolina's Military Organisations During the War Between the States, the Lowcountry & Pee Dee, by R S Seigler
Giant in Grey, A biography of Wade Hampton of South Carolina, by M W Wellman
Notes
Colonel W Hampton was not able to take command of the Hampton Legion until 25 June, 1861, due to illness. The first detachment of the Hampton Legion left Columbia on 26 June, 1861, under the command Lieutenant Colonel B J Johnson, and consisted of the Washington Light Infantry Volunteers, the Davis Guards, the Gist Riflemen and the Washington Artillery. The remaining companies arrived with Colonel W Hampton on 4 July, 1861, and went into 'Camp Manning', Richmond. On 19 July, 1861, the Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry received orders to leave for Manassas Junction but did not arrive until 7 AM on 21 July, 1861, as the engine had to be repaired. The cavalry battalion, under the command of Major J B Griffin, remained in camp at Ashland, being drilling and the Washington Artillery remained in Richmond, having not been fully fitted out for field service.
On 25 July 1861, the Army of the Potomac was reorganised and the Hampton Legion was assigned independently to the First Corps, Army of the Potomac. Colonel W Hampton received permission on 26 July, 1861, to increase the infantry battalion to a regiment and on 19 and 22 August, 1861, repectively the Claremont Rifles and German Volunteers were mustered into the Hampton Legion Battalion Infantry.
Report
OFFICIAL REPORT NO.116: Series I, Volume 2 (S# 2), Chapter IX, pp. 566–567
Colonel W Hampton, commanding Hampton Legion
Orders of Battle
The above painting, 'The Fourth Alabama', is by Don Troiani, modern America's finest historial artist.