The Fourth Alabama Painting by Don Troiani

Second Brigade, Third Division

Captain W H Withington, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B

Captain W H Withington, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B

First Michigan Infantry

Mustered in United States service for three months 1 May, 1861. Arrived at Washington, D. C., 16 May, 1861. Reorganised for three years on 16 September, 1861

COLONEL O B WILLCOX
O B Willcox was appointed colonel, 1st Michigan Infantry, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was assigned to command the 1st Michigan infantry and the 11th New York Infantry at Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.17, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 1 July, 1861, and was wounded in the leg and captured at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL L L COMSTOCK
L L Comstock was appointed lieutenant colonel, 1st Michigan Infantry, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Lieutenant Colonel L L Comstock, 1st Michigan Infantry, resigned on 13 June, 1861, and Captain C M Lum, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company A, was appointed acting lieutenant colonel and captain, 1st Michigan Infantry, and wounded in the knee at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.

MAJOR A F BIDWELL
A F Bidwell was appointed major, 1st Michigan Infantry, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Major A F Bidwell, 1st Michigan Infantry, was assigned to command the 1st Michigan Infantry on 2 July, 1861, and Captain W H Withington, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B, was appointed acting major and captain, 1st Michigan Infantry, at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.

Company A Detroit Light Guards: CAPT. C M LUM
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 18 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Captain C M Lum, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company A, was appointed acting lieutenant colonel and captain, 1st Michigan Infantry, and First Lieutenant J D Fairbanks, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company A, was assigned to command the company at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.
Company B Jackson Greys/ Light Guards: CAPT. W H WITHINGTON
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Jackson, Jackson County, Michigan, on 29 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Captain W H Withington, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B, was appointed acting major and captain, 1st Michigan Infantry, and First Lieutenant E B Griffith, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B, was assigned to command the company at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861. Captain W H Withington, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B, was captured at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.
Company C Coldwater Cadets: CAPT. E BUTTERWORTH
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Coldwater, Branch County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Captain E Butterworth, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company C, was mortally wounded and captured at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861, and died at Charlottesville, Albemarle County, Virginia, on 17 August, 1861.
Company D Manchester Union Guards: CAPT. I L CLARKSON
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Manchester, Washtenaw County, Michigan, on 29 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.
Company E Steuben Guards: CAPT. W F ROTH
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Ann Arbor, Washtenaw County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.
Company F Michigan/ Detroit Hussars: CAPT. H S ROBERTS
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 20 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.
Company G Burr Oak Guards: CAPT. I C Abbott
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Burr Oak, St Joseph County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. First Lieutenant J M Casey, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company G, was severely wounded in the leg and captured at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.
Company H Ypsilanti Light Guards: CAPT. F W WHITTLESEY
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Ypsilanti, Washtenaw County, Michigan, on 20 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.
Company I Marshall Light Guards: CAPT. D HUBBARD
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Marshall, Calhoun County, Michigan, on 22 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.
Company K Adrian/ Hardee Cadets: CAPT. W H GRAVES
The company was accepted in state service for three months at Adrian, Lenawee County, Michigan, on 18 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Captain W H Graves, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company K, was wounded at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.
Drum Corps: Drum Maj. S Riley
Fife Corps: Fife Maj. J D Elderkin

Organisation of 1st Michigan Infantry at the first battle of Bull Run, 21 July, 1861: Colonel O B Willcox*, Lieutenant Colonel L L Comstock**, Major A F Bidwell; Company A, Detroit Light Guards, Captain C M Lum†; Company B, Jackson Greys/ Light Guards, Captain W H Whitington‡; Company C, Coldwater Cadets, Captain E Butterworth; Company D, Manchester Union Guards, Captain I L Clarkson; Company E, Steuben Guards, Captain W F Roth; Company F, Michigan/ Detroit Hussars, Captain H S Roberts; Company G, Burr Oak Guards, Captain I C Abbott; Company H, Ypsilanti Light Guards, Captain F W Whittlesey; Company I, Marshall Light Guards, Captain D Hubbard; Company K, Adrian/ Hardee Cadets, Captain W H Graves;

*Assigned to command the Second Brigade, Third Division, at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861; **Not present at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861; †Appointed acting lieutenant colonel and captain at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861; ‡Appointed acting lieutenant major and captain at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861

Sources

"The Marshall Light Guards arrived here yesterday morning on the early train, and marched immediately to Fort Wayne. At 10 o'clock the Steuben Guards, from Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti Light Guards arrived, and went directly to Fort Wayne. The Adrian Cadets, numbering upwards of ninety men, arrived at two o'clock yesterday by the Michigan Southern Railroad. The Manchester Union Guards, Captain I. L. Clarkson, arrived on the same train. The Jackson Grays came in on the evening train. The Burr Oak Guards came in as far the Junction and marched from there to the Fort. This completes the companies belonging to the First Regiment, with the exception of the Coldwater Artillery which will arrive this morning and quarter on the Fair Ground and no accommodations for horses have been provided at the Fort."

Free Press (Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan), 30 April, 1861 - Arrival of volunteers

"The Coldwater Cadets, Capt. E. Butterworth, arrived late on Monday evening, which completes the First Regiment, stationed at Fort Wayne."

Free Press (Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan), 1 May, 1861 - Arrival of more troops

"The First Michigan Regiment arrived here this evening, composed of 780 men, and tonight they participated in a dress parade, making a handsome appearance and commanding general commendation from the large number of spectators."

Philadelphia Press (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 16 May, 1861 - Arrival of a Michigan Regiment at Harrisburg

"The Michigan First Rifle Regiment, Colonel Wilcox, numbering 780 men, arrived last evening about ten o'clock, and marched to Woodward's building, near the corner of Eleventh street and Pennsylvania avenue. They left Michigan on Monday last, and stopped at camp Slifer on Wednesday night. The men are neatly uniformed, with blue jackets and pants, and blue caps."

National Republican (Washington, D. C.), 17 May, 1861 - Arrival of the First Michigan Regiment and other soldiers

"The garrison at Alexandria now consists as follows: Michigan First, Col. Willcox, 780 men; New York Fire Zouaves, Lieut. Colonel Farnham, 1,157 men; Massachusetts Fifth, Col. Lawrence, 890 men; Pennsylvania Fifth, Col. McDowell, 1,014 men; Captain Rickett's Light Battery, (regulars) six pieces, 100 men; Company E, Second Cavalry, Lieut. Sweet commanding, 76 men - total 3,901."

Evening Star (Washington, D. C.), 4 June, 1861 - Troops stationed at Alexandria, Virginia

"The fortification is under command of Col. Willcox, of the First, and garrisoned by the 1st Michigan and a company of regular artillery. The Michigan regiment do not remain in the fort except in case of an alarm."

Lansing State Republican (Lansing, Ingham County, Michigan), 10 July, 1861 - Camp Georgetown Heights, D. C., 27 June, 1861

"The First Michigan Regiment, Col. Willcox, and the New York Fire Zouaves have marched forward from Shuter's Hill to Cloud's Mill, in Fairfax county."

National Republican (Washington, D. C.), 13 July, 1861 - The First Michigan and New York Fire Zouaves have advanced towards Fairfax Courthouse

Books/ Manuscripts

The First Michigan Infantry three months and three years: Brief history of the regiment from it's organisation in May, 1861, until its muster out in July, 1865, together with personal experiences of writer, by C W Owen

Forgotten valor: The memoirs, journals, & Civil War letters of Orlando B Willcox, by Orlando B Willcox

Record of service of Michigan volunteers in the civil war, 1861–1865, Volume 1, by George H Turner

Michigan in the war, compiled by J Robertson, Adjutant General

The Union Army: A history of military affairs in the loyal states 1861-65, records of the regiments in the Union Army, cyclopedia of battles, memoirs of commanders and soldiers, Volume 3, New Jersey, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan

Notes

The 1st Michigan Infantry was authorised by a proclamation calling for 75,000 militia to serve three months on 15 April, 1861, and was accepted in state service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861.

Paragraph I, Headquarters, First Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 23 April, 1861: Lieutenant Colonel L L Comstock and Major A F Bidwell, 1st Michigan Infantry, were ordered to Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Paragraph II, Headquarters, 1st Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 23 April, 1861.

Paragraph II, Headquarters, First Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 23 April, 1861: The Detroit Light Guards, the Jackson Light Guards, the Coldwater Cadets, the Manchester Union Guards, the Steuben Guards, the Detroit Hussars, the Burr Oak Guards, the Ypsilanti Light Guards, the Marshall Light Guards, and the Hardee cadets were assigned to the 1st Michigan Infantry by Paragraph II, Headquarters, 1st Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 23 April, 1861.

Paragraph III, Headquarters, First Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 23 April, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry, Companies A and F, were ordered to Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Paragraph III, Headquarters, 1st Michigan Infantry, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 10 AM on 26 April, 1861, dated 23 April, 1861, and Companies B, C, D, E, G, H, I, and K on 29 April, 1861, dated 23 April, 1861.

Special Orders No.5, Paragraph II, Military Department of Michigan, Adjutant General's Office, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 24 April, 1861: O B Willcox was appointed colonel, L L Comstock, lieutenant colonel, and A F Bidwell, major, 1st Michigan Infantry, by Special Orders No.5, Paragraph II, Military Department of Michigan, Adjutant General's Office, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861.

Note: The Coldwater Light Artillery was assigned to the 1st Michigan Artillery, Company A, and to duty with the 1st Michigan Infantry at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Special Orders No.5, Paragraph VI, Military Department of Michigan, Adjutant General's Office, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 24 April, 1861.

Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Companies A & F, 26 April, 1861: The Detroit Light Guards and Detroit Hussars arrived at Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, in the morning on 26 April, 1861.

Marshall, Calhoun County, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Company I, 29 April, 1861: The Marshall Light Guards arrived by the Michigan Central Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, in the morning on 29 April, 1861.

Ann Arbor & Ypsilanti, Washtenaw County, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Companies E & H, 29 April, 1861: The Steuben Guards and the Ypsilanti Light Guards arrived by the Michigan Central Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 10 AM on 29 April, 1861.

Adrian, Lenawee County, & Manchester, Washtenaw County, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Companies D & K, 29 April, 1861: The Adrian/ Hardee Cadets and the Manchester Union Guards arrived by the Detroit, Monroe & Toledo Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 2 PM on 29 April, 1861.

Jackson, Jackson County, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Company B, 29 April, 1861: The Jackson Greys/ Light Guards arrived by the Michigan Central Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, in the evening on 29 April, 1861.

Coldwater, Branch County, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, Company C, 29 April, 1861: The Coldwater Cadets arrived by the Detroit, Monroe & Toledo Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, in the evening on 29 April, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 30 April, 1861.

Mustered for three months, Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 1 May, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was mustered in United States service for three months at Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, on 13 May, 1861, and the 2nd Michigan Infantry was ordered to Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 1 PM on 14 May, 1861 (See the 2nd Michigan Infantry).

Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, to Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, left wing, 13-14 May, 1861: The left wing of the 1st Michigan Infantry, Companies B, E, G, H, and K, under the command of Major A F Bidwell, were ordered to proceed by the propeller Illinois on Lake Erie to Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, by Special Orders No.4, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 7 PM on 13 May, 1861, and arrived at 5.45 AM on 14 May, 1861.

Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, to Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, right wing, 13-14 May, 1861: The right wing of the 1st Michigan Infantry, Companies A, C, D, F, and I, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel L L Comstock, were ordered to proceed by the steamer May Queen on Lake Erie to Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, by Special Orders No.4, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Fort Wayne, on the Detroit River, three miles southwest of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 8 PM on 13 May, 1861, and arrived at 6.30 AM on 14 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, on 14 May, 1861.

Detroit to Washington, 14-16 May, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry (780) was ordered to proceed by the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad to Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, at 10.30 AM on 14 May, 1861, and arrived by the Pennsylvania Railroad at Camp Curtin, on Ridge Road, Dauphin County Agricultural Society, two miles north of Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, at 4.30 PM on 15 May, 1861.

Camp Curtin, on Ridge Road, Dauphin County Agricultural Society, two miles north of Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, to Washington, D. C., 18 May, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to proceed by the Northern Central Railroad to Baltimore City, Maryland, at 7 AM on 16 May, 1861, and was accompanied by the Lochiel Greys and the Carbondale City Guards. The regiment arrived at Bolton Station, corner of Bolton and North Howard Streets, Baltimore City, Maryland, at 4.30/5 PM on 16 May, 1861, and was ordered to proceed by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Mount Clare Station, on West Pratt Street, Baltimore City, Maryland, to Washington, D. C., at 7 PM the same day. The 1st Michigan Infantry arrived by the Washington Branch, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, at Washington, D. C., via Annapolis Junction, Howard County, Maryland, at 10/11 PM on 16 May, 1861 (See the 25th Pennsylvania Infantry).

Department of Washington, 16-24 May, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at W Woodward's building, corner of West Eleventh Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., between 16 and 24 May, 1861.

Occupation of Alexandria County, 24 May, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered across the Long Bridge, on the Potomac River, at Washington, D. C., at 2.30 AM on 24 May, 1861, and was accompanied by Captain S W Owen, President's Mounted Guards. The regiment arrived by the Alexandria & Washington Turnpike at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, at 6 AM on 24 May, 1861 (See the Occupation of Alexandria County).

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry arrived by the Alexandria & Washington Turnpike at Four Mile Run, two miles north of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, in the morning on 24 May, 1861, and was accompanied by the 12th New York State Militia and a detachment of the President's Mounted Guards.

Organisation of left column, Long Bridge, on the Potomac River, at Washington, D. C., 24 May, 1861: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry; 1st Michigan Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel L L Comstock; 2nd United States Cavalry, Company E, First Lieutenant J J Sweet, 2nd United States Cavalry, Company K; President's Mounted Guards, detachment, Captain S W Owen; 3rd United States Artillery, Light Company E, section, First Lieutenant D R Ransom

Note: The 11th New York Infantry, Colonel E E Ellsworth, arrived by the steamers James Guy and Mount Vernon at King Street Wharf, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, at 4 AM on 24 May, 1861, and the 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Camp Willcox, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, between 24 May and 4 June, 1861.

Captured adjacent to Price, Birch & Co Slave Pens, on Duke Street, between Payne & Fayette Streets, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 24 May, 1861: The Border Guards/ Fairfax Cavalry (36) was captured by the 11th New York Infantry, Company A; the 2nd United States Cavalry, Company E; and one 6 pounder and one 12 pounder field howitzer of the 3rd United States Artillery, Light Company E, under the command of Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, adjacent to Price, Birch & Co Slave Pens, on Duke Street, between Payne and Fayette Streets, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, at 7 AM on 24 May, 1861.

Provost duty at Alexandria, Company F, 24-28 May, 1861

Captain F W Whittlesey, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company H, was appointed provost marshall at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.1, Headquarters, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 26 May, 1861, dated 24 May, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry, Company H, was stationed at Headquarters, Provost Guards, Marshall House, corner of King and Pitt Streets, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, between 24 and 28 May, 1861.

Special Orders No.1, Headquarters, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 26 May, 1861, dated 24 May, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry, Company H, under the command of Captain & Provost Marshall F W Whittlesey, was assigned to provost duty at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.1, Headquarters, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 26 May, 1861, dated 24 May, 1861.

Note: The 5th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company F, under the command of Captain & Provost Marshal F B Medlar, was assigned to provost duty at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 29 May, 1861 (See the 5th Pennsylvania Infantry).

Special Orders No.2, Headquarters, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 26 May, 1861, dated 24 May, 1861: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, assumed command of the troops at and in the vicinity of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.2, Headquarters, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 26 May, 1861, dated 24 May, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was stationed at O'Neils Railroad Hotel, on Kings Street, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 25 May, 1861.

Department of Northeastern Virginia, 27 May-22/23 July, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Camp Willcox, west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 31 May, 1861.

General Orders No.1, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 28 May, 1861: Brigadier General I McDowell, United States Army, assumed command of the Department of Northeastern Virginia by General Orders No.1, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 28 May, 1861.

Note: Brigadier General I McDowell, United States Army, was stationed at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, in the morning on 28 May, 1861.

General Orders No.1, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 28 May, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry, the 5th Massachusetts Infantry, and the 11th New York Infantry were assigned to Colonel C P Stone, 14th United States Infantry, by General Orders No.1, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was stationed at Headquarters, 1st Michigan Infantry, Marshall House, corner of King and Pitt Streets, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 29 May, 1861.

Skirmish at Cloud's Mills, detachment of Company E, 31 May, 1861

A detachment of the 11th New York Infantry (40), Company G, under the command of Captain M A Tagan, and a detachment of the 1st Michigan Infantry (25), Company E, under the command of Captain W F Roth, were engaged in a skirmish at Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 31 May, 1861 (See the 11th New York Infantry).

Note: Privates H Cornell, 11th New York Infantry, Company G, was killed and and W Cushman, 11th New York Infantry, Company G, was wounded during the skirmish at Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 31 May, 1861.

Hunting Creek Bridge, on Hunting Creek, a quarter of a mile southwest of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, detachment of Company K, 1 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Michigan Infantry, Company K, under the command of First Lieutenant J W Horner, was stationed at Hunting Creek Bridge, on Hunting Creek, a quarter of a mile southwest of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 1 June, 1861.

Troops stationed at Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 2 June, 1861: Colonel C P Stone, 14th United States Infantry; 1st Michigan Infantry (780), Colonel O B Willcox; 11th New York Infantry (1,157), Lieutenant Colonel N Farnham; 5th Massachusetts Infantry (880), Colonel S C Lawrence; 5th Pennsylvania Infantry (1,014), Colonel R P McDowell; 1st United States Artillery (100), Light Company I, First Lieutenant D Ramsay; 2nd United States Cavalry (76), Company E, First Lieutenant J J Sweet, 2nd United States Cavalry, Company K; Total 3,901

Camp Willcox, southeast of Fort Ellsworth on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 4 June, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was stationed at Camp Willcox, southeast of Fort Ellsworth, on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, 4 June, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was stationed at Headquarters, 1st Michigan Infantry, R S Ashby's, southeast of Fort Ellsworth, on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 4 June, 1861.

Special Orders No.17, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, 1 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry and the 11th New York Infantry were assigned to Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, by Special Orders No.17, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 1 July, 1861.

General Orders No.13, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, 8 July, 1861: The 11th New York Infantry was assigned to the Second Brigade, Third Division, McDowell's Army, under the command of Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, by General Orders No.13, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 8 July, 1861.

Skirmish at Burke's Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, detachment of Company C, 8 June, 1861: A detachment of the 1st Michigan Infantry (4), Company C, was engaged in a skirmish at Burke's Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 8 June, 1861.

Note: A detachment of the Goochland Light Dragoons (1) and the Governor's Mounted Guards (1) was captured by a detachment of the 1st Michigan Infantry, Company B, one mile east of Burke's Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 8 June, 1861 (See the Jennifer's Battalion Cavalry).

Cameron Run, a quarter of a mile east of Clouds Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, Company I, 9 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry, Company I, and the 11th New York Infantry, Company A, were ordered to proceed by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad to Cameron Run, a quarter of a mile east of Clouds Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the morning on 9 July, 1861.

Camp Willcox, southeast of Fort Ellsworth, on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, to Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, 11 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Cloud's Mills, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 11 July, 1861, and was stationed at Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 11 and 16 July, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, set up the headquarters of the Second Brigade, Third Division, McDowell's Army, at D G Watkins' farm, on Strawberry Hill, half a mile southeast of Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 12 July, 1861.

Disposition of Second Brigade, Third Division, McDowell's Army, 15 July, 1861: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, Headquarters, D G Watkins' farm, on Strawberry Hill, half a mile southeast of Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia; 1st Michigan Infantry, Major A F Bidwell, Cloud's Mills, Fairfax County, Virginia; 4th Michigan Infantry, Colonel D A Woodbury, Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia; 11th New York Infantry, Colonel N L Farnham, Cameron Run, west of D G Watkins' farm, on Strawberry Hill, half a mile southeast of Cloud's Mill, Fairfax County, Virginia; 38th New York Infantry, Colonel J H H Ward, Camp Scott, half a mile west of Fort Ellsworth, on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia; 2nd United States Artillery, Light Company D, Captain R Arnold, 5th United States Artillery, Light Company G, Fort Ellsworth, on Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia

Advance to Centreville, 16-18 July, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to proceed by the Old Fairfax Road to Bone Mill, on the west side of Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 16 July, 1861, and arrived at the east side of Pohick Run, two miles west of Bone Mill, on the west side of Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening the same day.

Note: Colonel S P Heintzelman, 17th United States Infantry, was ordered to proceed by the Old Fairfax Road to Bone Mill, on the west side of Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 5 PM on 16 July, 1861.

Pohick Run, two miles west of Bone Mill, on the west side of Accotink Creek, to Fairfax Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, 17 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Sangster's/ W Elzey's Crossroads, two miles south of Fairfax Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 5 AM on 17 July, 1861, and arrived by the Pohick Road at 12 PM the same day. The regiment arrived at Fairfax Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 1 PM on 17 July, 1861.

Fairfax Station to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 18 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 4 PM on 18 July, 1861, and arrived at the old Braddock Road, one and a half miles southeast of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 8.30 PM the same day.

First battle of Bull Run, 21 July, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry (500), under the command of Major A F Bidwell, was stationed at the old Braddock Road, one and a half miles southeast of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Sudley Ford, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Sudley Ford, on the Bull Run River, at 5.30 AM on 21 July, 1861.

Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, 21 Jul 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered across Sudley Spring's Ford, on Catharpin Run, to north of Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry was assigned to support the 2nd United States Artillery, Light Company D, north of Sudley Springs, Prince William County, Virginia, morning on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Buck Hill, north of Young's Branch, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Buck Hill, north of Young's Branch, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 1st Michigan Infantry was assigned to support the 2nd United States Artillery, Light Company D, at Buck Hill, north of Young's Branch, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered southwest of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was wounded in the leg and captured southwest of I Henry's/ Spring Hill, on Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861, and was stationed at F Lewis' farm, a quarter of a mile southwest of Lewis' Ford, on the Bull Run River, between 21 July and 1 August, 1861. He was ordered to proceed by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 2 August, 1861, and arrived by the Virginia Central Railroad in the evening on 3 August, 1861.

Withdrawal to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 21 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to the old Braddock Road, one and a half miles southeast of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, at 4 PM on 21 July, 1861.

Retreat to Washington, 21-22 July, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 21 July, 1861, and arrived at Washington, D. C., in the afternoon on 22 July, 1861.

Note: Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, and Acting Lieutenant Colonel & Capatin C M Lum, 1st Michigan Infantry, Company A, were wounded at the first battle of Bull Run on 1 July, 1861.

Return of casualties in the 1st Michigan Infantry, Second Brigade, Third Division, Army of Northeastern Virginia, at the battle of Bull Run, 21 July, 1861: Killed 15, wounded 41, captured/missing 61, total 117

Note: Detachments of the 1st Michigan Infantry arrived at Washington, D. C., in the evening on 22 July, 1861, and in the morning on 23 July, 1861.

Rendezvous at W Woodward's building, on the corner of west Eleventh Street & Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., 24 July, 1861: The 2nd New York State Militia, the 11th New York Infantry, and the 1st Michigan Infantry were ordered to rendezvous at W Woodward's building, on the corner of West Eleventh Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C., at 12 PM on 24 July, 1861 (See the 2nd New York State Militia).

Washington to Meridian Hill, west of Fourteenth Street Road, D. C., 25 July, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to Columbia College, on Meridian Hill, west of Fourteenth Street Road, D. C., on 25 July, 1861.

Note: The 4th Michigan Infantry arrived at Camp Mansfield, opposite Columbia College, on Meridian Hill, west of Fourteenth Street Road, D. C., on 23 July, 1861 (See the 4th Michigan Infantry).

Washington to Detroit, 30 July-2 August, 1861

The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to proceed by the Washington Branch, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, to Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 12 AM on 30 July, 1861, and arrived by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Camden Station, corner of South Howard and Camden Streets, Baltimore City, Maryland, at 6 AM the same day. The regiment was ordered to proceed by the Northern Central Railroad to Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, at 6 PM on 30 July, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 31 July, 1861. The 1st Michigan Infantry was ordered to proceed by the Pennsylvania Railroad to Pittsburg, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, in the afternoon the same day. The regiment arrived at Pittsburg, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, at 2 PM on 1 August, 1861, and was ordered to proceed by the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad to Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, at 3 PM the same day. The 1st Michigan Infantry arrived by the Cleveland & Toledo Railroad at Toledo, Lucas County, Ohio, at 9 PM on 1 August, 1861, and by the Detroit, Monroe & Toledo Railroad at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, at 2.15 AM on 2 August, 1861.

Mustered out, Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 7 August, 1861: The 1st Michigan Infantry at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, was mustered out on 7 August, 1861.

Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, Second Brigade, Third Division, McDowell's Army, 24 April, 1861: O B Willcox was appointed colonel, 1st Michigan Infantry, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in United States service for three months at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, by Lieutenant Colonel E Backus, 3rd United States Infantry, on 1 May, 1861. Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, was assigned to command the 1st Michigan Infantry and the 11th New York Infantry at Shuter's Hill, one mile west of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.17, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Arlington, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 1 July, 1861.

Note: Cadets J R Edie, Jr., and F H Parker, United States Military Academy, were ordered to Washington, D. C., on 30 June, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 3 July, 1861. Cadet J R Edie, Jr., United States Military Academy, second lieutenant, 2nd United States Cavalry, Company D; and Cadet F H Parker, United States Military Academy, second lieutenant, 2nd United States Dragoons, Company B, by General Orders No.41, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 3 July, 1861, dated 24 June, 1861, and were assigned to special duty as a drill instructor at Washington, D. C., in the afternoon on 3 July, 1861. Second Lieutenant J R Edie, Jr., 2nd United States Cavalry, Company D, was appointed aide de camp to Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, on 5 July, 1861, and Second Lieutenant D F H Parker, 2nd United States Dragoons, Company B, acting aide de camp to Colonel O B Willcox, 1st Michigan Infantry, at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.

Colonel S P Heintzelman, 17th United States Infantry, Third Division, McDowell's Army, 18 June, 1861, dated 14 May, 1861: Major S P Heintzelman, 1st United States Infantry, was ordered to Washington, D. C., by General Orders No.12, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 27 April, 1861, and to proceed by the New Jersey Railroad in the morning on 3 May, 1861. He arrived by the Washington Branch, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, in the morning on 4 May, 1861, and was appointed acting inspector general, Department of Washington, by Special Orders No.20, Headquarters, Department of Washington, Washington, D. C., on 8 May, 1861. Acting Inspector General & Major S P Heintzelman, United States Army, was assigned to command the the 8th New York State Militia, the 12th New York State Militia, and the 25th New York State Militia by General Orders No.1, Paragraph III, Headquarters, Department of Northeastern Virginia, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861, and was appointed colonel, 17th United States Infantry, by General Orders No.33, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 18 June, 1861, dated 14 May, 1861. Colonel S P Heintzelman, 17th United States Infantry, was appointed brigadier general, United States Volunteers, by General Orders No.62, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 20 August, 1861, dated 17 May, 1861.

Note: Cadet F U Farquhar, United States Military Academy, was ordered to Washington, D. C., on 30 June, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 3 July, 1861. He was appointed brevet second lieutenant, United States Corps Engineers, by General Orders No.41, War Department, Adjutant General's Office, Washington, D. C., on 3 July, 1861, dated 24 June, 1861, and was assigned to special duty as a drill instructor at Washington, D. C., in the afternoon on 3 July, 1861. Brevet Second Lieutenant F U Farquhar, United States Corps Engineers, was appointed acting aide de camp to Colonel S P Heintzelman, 17th United States Infantry, at the first battle of Bull Run on 21 July, 1861.

Reports

OFFICIAL REPORT NO.48: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, pp411-413
Major A F Bidwell, First Michigan Infantry, dated Washington, D. C., 25 July, 1861

OFFICIAL REPORT NO.46: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, p408-410
Colonel O B Willcox, First Michigan Infantry, Second Brigade, Third Division, McDowell's Army, dated Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, 3 September, 1862

OFFICIAL REPORT NO.43: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, p402-404
Colonel S P Heintzleman, Seventeenth United States Infantry, Third Division, McDowell's Army, dated Washington, D. C., 31 July, 1861