The Fourth Alabama Painting by Don Troiani

Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac

Colonel R E Withers, 18th Virginia Infantry

Colonel R E Withers, 18th Virginia Infantry

Eighteenth (Third) Virginia Infantry

Arrived at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 26 May, 1861. Mustered in Confederate service for one year dated 1 July, 1861. Stationed north of Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861

COLONEL R E WITHERS
Major R E Withers, Danville Battalion Volunteers, was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 3 May, 1861, and colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 23 May, 1861.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL H A CARRINGTON
H A Carrington was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 25 May, 1861, and was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.142, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 31 May, 1861.

MAJOR G C CABELL
G C Cabell was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage Agricultural Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 25 May, 1861, and was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.141, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 30 May, 1861. Major C H Harrison, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry by Special Orders No.159, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 2 June, 1861, and to the 11th Virginia Infantry by General Orders No.19, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 18 June, 1861 (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).

Company A Danville Blues: CAPT. W P GRAVES
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Danville, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Custom House, on Main Street, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861.
Company B Danville Greys: CAPT. T D CLAIBORNE
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Danville, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Custom House, on Main Street, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Adjutant General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861.
Company C Nottoway Rifle Guards CAPT. H T OWEN
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Burkeville, Nottoway County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861.
Company D Prospect Rifle Greys: CAPT. E G WALL
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Prospect, Prince Edward County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, the same day.
Company E Black Eagle Riflemen: CAPT. R HARRISON
The company was accepted in state service for one year , under the command of Captain C H Harrison, at Walton's Mill, on Big Willis River, four miles southwest of Cartersville, Cumberland County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861. Captain C H Harrison, Black Eagle Riflemen, was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 28 May, 1861, and was assigned to the 11th Virginia Infantry by General Orders No.19, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 18 June, 1861. First Lieutenant R Harrison, 18th Virginia Infantry, Company E, was appointed captain, 18th Virginia Infantry, Company E, on 8 June, 1861 (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).
Company F Farmville Guards: CAPT. R A BOOKER
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, the same day.
Company G Nottoway Greys: CAPT. R CONNALLEY
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Blacks and Whites/ Blackstone, on the Southside Railroad, six miles southeast of Nottoway Courthouse, Nottoway County, Virginia, on 22 April, 1861, and mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, the same day.
Company H Appomattox Greys: CAPT. T P MATTHEWS
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Pamplins Station, Appomattox County, Virginia, on 7 May, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, the same day. Captain T P Matthews, 18th Virginia Infantry, Company H, was wounded at the first battle of Manassas on 21 July, 1861.
Company I Spring Garden Blues: CAPT. J C LUCK
The company was accepted in state service at Spring Garden, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Provisional Army of Virginia, on 26 April, 1861.
Company K Charlotte Rifles: CAPT. T J SPENCER
The company was accepted in state service for one year at Charlotte Courthouse, Charlotte County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861, and was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Provisional Army of Virginia, the same day.

Organistion of 18th Virginia Infantry at first battle of Manassas, 21 July, 1861: Colonel R E Withers, Lieutenant Colonel J B Strange, Major H Gantt; Company A, Danville Blues, Captain W B Graves; Company B, Danville Greys, Captain T D Claiborne; Company C, Nottoway Rifle Guards, Captain H T Owen; Company D, Prospect Rifle Greys, Captain E G Wall; Company E, Black Eagle Riflemen, Captain R Harrison; Company F, Farmville Guards, Captain R A Booker; Company G, Nottoway Greys, Captain R Connalley; Company H, Appomattox Greys, Captain T P Matthews; Company I, Spring graden Blues, Captain J C Luck; Company K, Charlotte Rifles, Captain T J Spencer

Troops stationed at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, 27 April, 1861

Colonel W Gilham, Provisional Army of Virginia

Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets (175): Acting Commandant & Major R E Colston
1st Virginia Battalion Volunteers (432): Major R E Withers, Danville Battalion of Volunteers; Henrico Rifles (100), 33rd Virginia Militia (Henrico County), Captain J W Atkinson; Hanover Greys (44), Captain B W Talley; Painesville Greys (87), Captain W M Miller; Henrico Southern Guards (67), Captain J F Childrey; Patrick Henry Rifles (57), Captain C W Dabney; Danville Greys (77), Danville Battalion Volunteers, Captain T D Claiborne
2nd Virginia Battalion Volunteers (176): Black Eagle Riflemen (60), 17th Virginia Militia (Campbell County), Company A, Captain C H Harrison; Nottoway Greys (65), Captain R Connally; Nottoway Rifle Guards (51), Captain H T Owen
Cavalry: Chesterfield Light Dragoons (61), Company B, Captain W B Ball

Note: Colonel W Gilham, Virginia Military Institute, was appointed colonel, Provisional Army of Virginia, at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/NewAgricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and the Prospect Rifle Greys (72), the Farmville Guards (96), the Spring Garden Blue (70), and the Charlotte Rifles (72) were stationed at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 27 April, 1861.

First Virginia Battalion Volunteers

Major R E Withers, Virginia Volunteers

Henrico Greys, 33rd Virginia Militia (Henrico County): Capt. J W Atkinson
The company was assigned to the 15th Virginia Infantry, Company A.
Hanover Greys: Capt. B W Talley
The company was assigned to the 15th Virginia Infantry, Company I.
Painesville Rifles: Capt. W M Miller
The company was assigned to the 14th Virginia Infantry, Company A.
Ashland Greys: Capt. H St G Tucker
The company was assigned to the 15th Virginia Infantry, Company E.
Henrico Southern Guards: Capt. J F Childrey
The company was assigned to the 15th Virginia Infantry, Company G.
Patrick Henry Rifles: Capt. C W Dabney
The company was assigned to the 15th Virginia Infantry, Company C.
Danville Greys, Danville Battalion Volunteers, Company B: Capt. T D Claiborne
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company B.

Second Virginia Battalion Volunteers

Major S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers
Major S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, was appointed colonel, 11th Virginia Infantry, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 8 May, 1861 (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).

Lynchburg Home Guards: CAPT. K OTEY
The company was assigned to the 11th Virginia Infantry, Company G (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).
Lynchburg Rifle Greys: CAPT. M S Langhorne
The company was assigned to the 11th Virginia Infantry, Company A (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).
Farmville Guards: Capt. R A Booker
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company F.
Black Eagle Riflemen: Capt. C H Harrison
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company E.
Spring Garden Blues: Capt. J C Luck
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company I.
Prospect Rifle Guards/ Greys: Capt. E G Wall
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company D.
Charlotte Rifles: Capt. T J Spencer
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company K.
Nottoway Rifle Guards: Capt. H T Owen
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company C.
Nottoway Greys: Capt. R Connally
The company was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry, Company G.

The Lynchburg Home Guards, the Lynchburg Rifle Greys, and the Lynchburg Artillery arrived at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the evening on 23 April, 1861 (See the Lynchburg Artillery).

Sources

"Four or five Companies of Volunteers arrived from Danville yesterday - among them the Grays, 77 men, Thos. S. Claiborne, Captain, (of the 5th Battalion, 11th Brigade,) and Blues, Wm. P. Graves, Captain, 66 men; the whole under command of Major R. E. Withers. They were mustered into service at the State Court-House shortly after their arrival."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 24 April, 1861

"The following volunteer companies arrived in Richmond yesterday, about 2 o'clock, via the Danville Railroad: Wise Fencibles, Montgomery county, Capt. R. C. Trigg, 83 men; Company A, Pittsylvania county, 101st Regiment, Capt. Wm. H. Werth, 84 men; Pulaski Guard, Capt. Jas. A. Walker, 83 men; Prospect Grays, Prince Edward county, 63 men, Capt. E. G. Wall, and Farmville Guards, Capt. R. A. Booker, 96 men."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 26 April, 1861 - Arrival of military

"The following volunteer companies are also quartered in Richmond: Farmville Guards, 96 men, Capt. R. A. Booker. They also are from Farmville. They are armed with Minnie muskets. Spring Garden Volunteers, Pittsylvania, Captain James C. Luck, 70 men. Armed with percussion muskets. The Charlotte Rifles, 72 men, commanded by Capt. Thos. J Spencer. They are armed with Harper's Ferry Minnie rifles, with sabre bayonets attached."

Richmond Whig & Public Advertiser (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 27 April, 1861 - Virginia Volunteers

"At one o'clock on Tuesday morning last, a telegraphic dispatch was received from the Executive of Virginia, ordering the Danville Blues and the Danville Greys to proceed to Richmond with all proper expedition The gallant fellows were roused from their slumbers by the sound of the drum heard along our streets, and at five o'clock, were on the cars and off to the wars."

Richmond Enquirer, Semi-weekly Edition (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 30 April, 1861 - The departure of the Danville Volunteers

"The following companies, all from the South-Side, now encamped at the Central Fair Grounds, have been formed into a Battalion and placed in charge of Major Samuel Garland, Jr., of the Lynchburg Home Guard, viz: Home Guard, Farmville Guards, Rifle greys, Company A, Nottoway Rifles, Nottoway Greys, Spring Garden Blues, Prospect Blues, and Charlotte Rifles. Their commander is fast succeeding in making the Battalion into a most effective engine of war."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 7 May, 1861- Getting in Trim

"The Black Eagle company received orders to march on the 23d April, and set out in a few hours. Most of the company assembled in Cartersville at 3 P.M., where many of our friends had assembled."

"The company was then marched over to the canal, accompanied by a large number of ladies and gentlemen. While waiting for the boat at Pemberton, Mr. F. D. Irving delivered an appropriate and stirring address."

"We were inspected and received into service on the 24th, and quartered at the Hermitage Fair Grounds, where we remained until 27th May."

"The organisation of our Regiment (the 2d) is now nearly complete. Capt. Harrison, of the Black Eagle Rifles, has received the appointment of major, and an excellent officer he will prove."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 5 June, 1861 - From Camp Pickens [Special correspondence of the dispatch]: Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, 1 June, 1861

"On Sunday night, several of the companies under Col. Garland's command, including the Rifle Greys and Home Guard of this city, and the Southern Guard, of Campbell, received marching orders, and yesterday morning thier encampment was entirely deserted, the whole body having left for some advanced post."

Daily Nashville Patriot (Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee), 21 June, 1861 - Important from Manassas Junction

"The regiment of Col. Withers (18th Virginia Volunteers) holds Camp Gregg. The regiment of Col. Cocke holds Camp Bonham."

Charleston Mercury (Charleston, Charleston District, South Carolina), 3 July, 1861 - Centreville, near Manassas, 28 June, 1861

"It seems it has been many days since we left our homes to be formed into a Regiment at the Hermitage Fair Grounds, near Richmond."

"The march from Centreville to this point was an easy one of only six miles."

Richmond Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia), 13 July, 1861 - Fairfax Courthouse, 9 July, 1861

Books/ Manuscripts

The war of Confederate Captain Henry T. Owen: Henry T. Owen, 1831-1921, captain, Company C, 18th Virginia, Confederate States of America, by Kimberly Ayn Owen, Graham C Owen, and Michael M Owen

Autobiography of an octogenarian, by Robert Enoch Withers, M.D., Colonel 18th Regiment Virginia Infantry, C.S.A.; editor Lynchburg Daily News; Lieutenant Governor of Virginia; Senator of the United States; Member of Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institute; Consul of the United States at Hong Kong; Past Grand Master of the Knights Templar of the United States, etc., etc.

The Virginia Regimental Histories Series: 18th Virginia Infantry, by I Roberston

The young lions: Confederate cadets at war, by James Lee Conrad

Historical sketches of the Nottoway Greys afterwards Company G, Eighteenth Virginia Regiment, Army of Northern Virginia, prepared at the request of the surviving members of the company at their first reunion at Bellefont Church, 21 July, 1877, by Richard Irby

Samuel T. Saunder: The Confederate Veteran, Volume XXVII, Nashville, Tenn., January-December, 1919, p227

A guide to Virginia military organisations 1861-1865, Revised Second Edition by I A Wallace, Jr.

Notes

The 18th Virginia Infantry, Companies A, B, C, and G, was arrived at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861; Companies E and K on 24 April, 1861; Company I between 24 and 25 April, 1861; Companies D and F on 25 April, 1861; and Company H on 7 May, 1861.

Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Broad Street, two & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 23 April 1861: Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, was set up east of the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, under the command of Colonel W Gilham, Virginia Military Institute, on 23 April, 1861, and the Virginia Military Institute Corps Cadets were assigned as drillmasters on 24 April, 1861. Brigadier General J H Winder, Confederate States Army, was assigned to command Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 16 July, 1861, and Colonel C Dimmock, ordnance, Provisional Army of Virginia, on 18 July, 1861 (See the 1st Rockbridge Artillery).

Danville, Pittsylvania County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies A & B, 23 April, 1861: The Danville Battalion Volunteers, Companies A and B, under the command of Major R E Withers, were ordered to proceed by the Richmond & Danville Railroad at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 5 AM on 23 April, 1861.

Note: The Danville Battalion Volunteers, Companies A and B, arrived at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the evening on 23 April, 1861.

Organisation of Danville Battalion Volunteers, 23 April, 1861: Major R E Withers, Adjutant E C Edmonds; Company A, Danville Blues (59/95), Captain W P Graves, First Lieutenant J M Smith, Second Lieutenant E D Withers; Company B (77/92), Danville Greys, Captain Claiborne, First Lieutenant E N Sorey, Second Lieutenant D Turner

Note: Major R E Withers, Danville Battalion Volunteers, was appointed major, Virginia Volunteers, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 3 May, 1861, and Adjutant E C Edmonds, Danville Battalion Volunteers, was appointed lieutenant colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Camp of Instruction/ Hill, on the south bank of the Dan River, one mile west of Danville, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, on 25 May, 1861 (See the 38th Virginia Infantry).

Blacks & Whites (Blackstone), on the Southside Railroad, six miles southeast of Nottoway Courthouse, & Burkeville, Nottoway County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies C & G, 23 April, 1861: The Nottaway Rifle Guards and the Nottaway Greys were ordered to proceed by the Richmond & Danville Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 23 April, 1861, and were accompanied by the Alstadt Greys, under the command of Captain E H Flournoy.

Note: The Alstadt Greys was mustered in state service as the 6th Virginia Infantry, Company K, at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 May, 1861.

Walton's Mill, on Big Willis River, four miles southwest of Cartersville, Cumberland County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Company E, 23-24 April, 1861: The Black Eagle Riflemen was ordered to proceed by canal boat on the James River to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the afternoonon 23 April, 1861, and arrived at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861.

Note: The Black Eagle Riflemen was ordered to rendezvous at Cartersville, Cumberland County, Virginia, at 3 PM on 23 April, 1861.

Charlotte Courthouse, Charlotte County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Company K, 24 April, 1861: The Charlotte Rifles was ordered to proceed by the Richmond & Danville Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 24 April, 1861, and arrived the same day.

Note: The Charlotte Rifles was stationed at Camp Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 3 May, 1861.

Spring Garden, Pittsylvania County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Company I, 24-26 April, 1861: The Spring Garden Blues arrived by the Richmond & Danville Railroad at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, between 24 and 26 April, 1861.

Note: The Spring Garden Blues was stationed at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 29 April, 1861.

Farmville & Prospect, Prince Edward County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies D & F, 25 April, 1861: The Prospect Rifle Greys and the Farmville Guards arrived by the Richmond & Danville Railroad at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, at 2 PM on 25 April, 1861, and were accompanied by the Wise Fencibles, under the command of Captain R C Trigg; the 101st Virginia Militia (Pittsylvania County), Company A, under the command of Captain W H Werth; and the Pulaski Guards, under the command of Captain J A Walker (See the 4th Virginia Infantry).

Pamplins Station, Appomattox County, to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Company H, 7 May, 1861: The Appomattox Greys was ordered to proceed by the Southside Railroad to Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 7 May, 1861, and arrived by the Richmond & Danville Railroad via Burkeville Junction, Nottoway County, Virginia, the same day.

Troops stationed at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Broad Street, two & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies C, D, E, F, G, H, I, & K, 7 May, 1861: Major S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers; Nottaway Rifle Guards, Captain H T Owen; Nottaway Greys, Captain R Connally; Prospect Rifle Greys, Captain E G Wall; Black Eagle Riflemen, Captain C H Harrison; Farmville Guards, Captain R A Booker; Spring Garden Blues, Captain J C Luck; Charlotte Rifles, Captain T J Spencer

Note: The 2nd Virginia Battalion Volunteers, under the command of Major S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, was stationed at Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad and Broad Street, two and a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 7 May, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Custom House, on Main Street, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies A & B, 24 April, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry, Companies A and B, were mustered in state service for one year at the Custom House, on Main Street, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 24 April, 1861.

Mustered for one year, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, Companies, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, & K, 23 April-7 May, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry, Company G, was mustered in state service for one year at Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, by Colonel & Inspector General J B Baldwin, Virginia Volunteers, on 23 April, 1861; Companies C, E, and K for one year on 24 April, 1861; Companies D and F on 25 April, 1861; Company I on 26 April, 1861; and Company H for one year on 7 May, 1861.

Arrival at Manassas Junction, 12, 22, & 28 May, 1861

The Farmville Guards, under the command of Major S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, was ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Culpeper Courthouse, Culpeper County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.32, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 10 May, dated 9 May, 1861, and was accompanied by the Lynchburg Home Guards, the Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards. The company arrived by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 12 May, 1861 (See the 11th Virginia Infantry).

Troops stationed at & in the vicinity of Manassas Junction, Prince William County, (918), 14 May, 1861: Alexandria Battalion Volunteers (172), Major C Boyle, Virginia Volunteers; Prince William Rifles (60), Captain A S Hamilton; Irish Volunteers/ Triplett's Heavy Artillery, Captain T Triplett; Emmett Guards, Captain J E Towsen, Jr.; Unattached Volunteers, Warrenton Rifles (88), Captain J Q Marr; Black Horse Troop (76), Captain W H Payne; Rappahannock Cavalry/ Old Guards (57); Alexandria Artillery, section, Captain D Kemper; Garland's Virginia Battalion Volunteers (490), Colonel Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers; Lynchburg Home Guards, Captain K Otey; Lynchburg Rifles Greys, Captain M S Langhorne; Southern Guards, Captain R C Saunders; Farmville Guards, Captain R A Booker

Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Broad Street, two & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, Company I, 21-22 May, 1861: The Spring Garden Blues was ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 21 May, 1861, and arrived by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad at Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 22 May, 1861.

Camp of Instruction/ Lee, Hermitage/New Agricultural Society Fairgrounds, between the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad & Broad Street, two & a quarter miles northwest of the Capitol, Capitol Hill, Richmond, Henrico County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, Companies A, B, C, D, E, G, H, & K, 27-28 May, 1861: The Danville Blues, the Danville Greys, the Nottoway Rifle Guards, the Prospect Rifle Greys, the Black Eagle Riflemen, the Nottoway Greys, the Appomattox Greys, and the Charlotte Rifles, were ordered to proceed by the Virginia Central Railroad to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.119, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, in the evening on 27 May, 1861, dated 26 May, 1861, and arrived by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 28 May, 1861.

Note: Major C H Harrison, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to the 18th Virginia Infantry at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.159, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 2 June, 1861, and to the 11th Virginia Infantry by General Orders No.19, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 18 June, 1861.

General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, 8 June, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to the Confederate States by General Orders No.25, Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 8 June, 1861, and was accepted in Confederate service on 1 July, 1861.

Reconnaissance to Accotink Creek Bridge, Company I, 17 June, 1861

The Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards, the Lynchburg Home Guards, and the Farmville Guards, under the command of Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, were ordered on a reconnaissance to Accotink Creek Bridge, on the Orange & Alexandria, one and three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.38, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 10 PM on 16 June, 1861.

Note: The O'Connell Guards, the Craig Mountain Boys, and the Patty Lane Rifle Greys were stationed east of Burke's Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 9 and 17 June, 1861, and were temporarily assigned to Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, by Special Orders No.38, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861, dated 16 June, 1861.

Organisation of reconnaissance to Accotink Creek Bridge, one & three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, 17 June, 1861: Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers; Garland's Regiment of Virginia Volunteers, Lynchburg Rifle Greys, Captain M S Langhorne; Southern Guards, Captain R C Saunders; Lynchburg Home Guards, Captain K Otey; Farmville Guards, Captain R A Booker; Unattached Volunteers, Craig Mountain Boys, Captain M P Spessard; Patty Lane Rifle Greys, Captain A L Minter; O'Connell Guards, Captain S W Prestman

Note: The Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards, the Lynchburg Home Guards, the Farmville Guards, the O'Connell Guards, the Craig Mountain Boys, and the Patty Lane Rifle Greys were ordered to rendezvous east of Burke's Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Destroyed the Accotink Creek Bridge, on the Orange & Alexandria, one & three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, 17 June, 1861: The Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards, the Lynchburg Home Guards, the Farmville Guards, the O'Connell Guards, the Craig Mountain Boys, and the Patty Lane Rifle Greys, under the command of Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, destroyed the Accotink Creek Bridge, on the Orange & Alexandria, one and three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 17 June, 1861.

Accotink Creek Bridge, on the Orange & Alexandria, one & three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, 17 June, 1861: The Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards, the Lynchburg Home Guards, and the Farmville Guards, under the comand of Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, arrived at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, in the evening on 17 June, 1861, and were accompanied by the O'Connell Guards, the Craig Mountain Boys, and the Patty Lane Rifle Greys.

Note: The Lynchburg Rifle Greys, the Southern Guards, the Lynchburg Home Guards, and the Farmville Guards, under the comand of Colonel S Garland, Jr., Virginia Volunteers, arrived at Accotink Creek Bridge, on the Orange & Alexandria, one and three quarter miles west of Springfield Station, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the morning on 17 June, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to the Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, under the command of Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, by General Orders No.20, Paragraph V, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 20 June, 1861.

Advance to Centreville, 22 June, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special Orders No. 51, Paragraph II, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, at 9 AM on 22 June, 1861, dated 20 June, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Gregg, 300 yards east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 22 June and 1 July, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry and the 19th Virginia Infantry arrived at Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 22 June, 1861 (See the 19th Virginia Infantry).

Troops stationed at & in the vicinity of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 23 June, 1861: Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry; 18th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R E Withers; 19th Virginia Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel J B Strange; 28th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R T Preston; 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company B, Captain J S Langhorne

Note: The 1st Louisiana Special Battalion Infantry and the 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company A, were assigned to the Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, under the command of Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, at Frying Pan Church, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 22 June, 1861

Organisation of Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, 25 June, 1861: Colonel P ST G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry; 18th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R E Withers; 19th Virginia Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel J B Strange; 28th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R T Preston; 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company A, Captain W R Terry; 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company B, Captain J S Langhorne; 1st Louisiana Special Battalion Infantry, Major R C Wheat; Lynchburg Artillery, Captain H G Latham

Note: The Lynchburg Artillery was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.64, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 25 June, 1861, dated 24 June, 1861 (See the Lynchburg Artillery).

Centreville to Germantown, 1 July, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Germantown, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special orders No.71, Paragraph III, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 1 July, 1861, dated 29 June, 1861, and was stationed at Germantown, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 1 and 11 July, 1861.

Note: The 8th South Carolina Infantry was stationed at Germantown, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 28 June, 1861, and was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special orders No.71, Paragraph III, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 29 June, 1861 (See the 8th South Carolina Infantry).

Germantown to Fairfax Courthouse, 11 July, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 11 July, 1861, and was temporarily assigned to the First Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, under the command of Brigadier General M L Bonham, Confederate States Army, between 11 and 17 July, 1861.

Note: The 8th South Carolina Infantry was ordered to Germantown, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 11 July, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Lucas, Germantown, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 11 and 17 July, 1861 (See the 8th South Carolina Infantry).

Withdrawal to Ball's Ford, 17 July, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to withdraw to Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 17 July, 1861, and was accompanied by 3rd South Carolina Infantry. The regiment arrived at the heights east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 17 July, 1861 (See the 3rd South Carolina Infantry).

Heights east of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, to Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, 17 July, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was stationed northeast of Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, in the evening on 17 July, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was stationed northeast of Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, between 18 and 21 July, 1861.

Organisation of Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, 21 July, 1861: Colonel P ST G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry; 8th Virginia Infantry, Colonel E Hunton; 18th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R E Withers; 19th Virginia Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel J B Strange; 28th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R T Preston; 49th Virginia Infantry, Companies B, E, H, Colonel W Smith; Schaeffer's Battalion Infantry, Acting Major & Captain F B Schaeffer, Beauregard Rifles; 30th Virginia Cavalry, Companies B, D, Captain G W B Hale, 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company D; Madison Cavalry/ Invincibles, Captain W Thomas; Loudoun Cavalry, Captain W W Mead; Lynchburg Artillery, section, Captain H G Latham; Loudoun Artillery, Captain A L Rogers

Note: The 8th Virginia Infantry, the Loudoun Cavalry, the Madison Cavalry/ Invincibles, the 30th Virginia Cavalry, Company D, and the Loudoun Artillery, under the command of Colonel E Hunton, 8th Virginia Infantry, arrived at F Lewis' farm, a quarter of a mile southwest of Lewis' Ford, on the Bull Run River, at 12 PM on 19 July, 1861.

First battle of Manassas, 21 July, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was stationed northeast of Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, in the morning on 21 July, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered east of the old Warrington, Alexandria & Washington Road and west of Ball's Ford, Bull Run River, at 2 PM on 21 July, 1861.

Advance to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Henry Hill, one mile west of the Stone Bridge, on the Bull Run River, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861.

General pursuit to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 21 July, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered across the Bull Run River, east of the Stone Bridge, on a general pursuit to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the afternoon on 21 July, 1861 (See the 2nd South Carolina Infantry).

Camp Walker, on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad, one mile south of McLean's Ford, on the Bull Run River, 21 July, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, in the evening on 21 July, 1861, and arrived at Camp Walker, on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad, one mile south of McLean's Ford, on the Bull Run River, at 12 PM on 22 July, 1861.

Return of casualties in the 18th Virginia Infantry, Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, at the battle of first Manassas, 21 July, 1861: Killed 6, wounded 13, total 19

Camp Walker, on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad, one mile south of McLean's Ford, to Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, 22 July, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Ball's Ford, on the Bull Run River, on 22 July, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered at or in the vicinity of the Suspension Bridge, on Cub Run, one mile west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special orders No.146, Paragraph I, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, dated 22 July, 1861.

Ball's Ford to Suspension Bridge, 23 July, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to the Suspension Bridge, on Cub Run, one mile west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 23 July, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Suspension Bridge, in the vicinity of the Suspension Bridge, on Cub Run, one mile west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 23 July and 11 August, 1861.

Organisation of Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, 25 July, 1861: Colonel P ST G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry; 18th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R E Withers; 19th Virginia Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel J B Strange; 28th Virginia Infantry, Colonel R T Preston; 49th Virginia Infantry; Colonel W Smith; Lynchburg Artillery, Captain H G Latham

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to the Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, under the command of Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, by Special Orders No.169, Paragraph I, Headquarters, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 25 July, 1861.

Suspension Bridge to Centreville, 11 August, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 11 August, 1861, and was stationed at Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 11 and 28 August, 1861.

Centreville to Fairfax Courthouse, 28 August, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 28 August, 1861, and was stationed at Camp Harrison, in the vicinity of Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 28 August and 6 September, 1861.

Picket duty at W D Nutt's Hill/ Brandymore Castle, one mile east of Falls Church, Fairfax County, Virginia, 6-11 September, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to picket duty at W D Nutt's Hill/ Brandymore Castle, one mile east of Falls Church, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 6 and 11 September, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was stationed at Camp Harrison, in the vicinity of Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 11 and 18 September, 1861.

Picket duty at Mason's Hill, west of the Columbia Turnpike, one & a quarter miles southwest of Bailey's Crossroads, Fairfax County, Virginia, 18-22 September, 1861: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to picket duty at Mason's Hill, west of the Columbia Turnpike, one and a quarter miles southwest of Bailey's Crossroads, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 18 and 22 September, 1861.

Note: The 18th Virginia Infantry was assigned to picket duty at the bridge on Accotink Creek, on the Little River Turnpike, one and a quarter west of Annandale, Fairfax County, Virginia, between 1 and 6 October, 1861.

Withdrawal to Centreville, 16-17 October, 1861

The 18th Virginia Infantry was ordered to Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, in the evening on 16 October, 1861, and arrived in the morning on 17 October, 1861.

Reorganised at Orange Courthouse, Orange County, Virginia, 29 March & 23 & 26 April, 1862: The 18th Virginia Infantry was reorganised at Orange Courthouse, Orange County, Virginia, on 29 March, 23 and 26 April, 1862.

Surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Appomattox County, Virginia, 9 April, 1865: The 18th Virginia Infantry, under the command of Major General M P Sheperd, surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Appomattox County, Virginia, on 9 April, 1865.

Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, 21 April, 1861: Captain P St G Cocke, Powhatan Troop, was appointed brigadier general/ colonel, Virginia Volunteers, at Culpeper Courthouse, Culpeper County, Virginia, on 21 April, 1861, and arrived by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad at the Mansion House Hotel, corner of Fairfax and Cameron Streets, Alexandria, Alexandria County, Virginia, on 22 April, 1861. Brigadier General/ Colonel P St G Cocke, Virginia Volunteers, was ordered to proceed by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad to Culpeper Courthouse, Culpeper County, Virginia, at 7 AM on 28 April, 1861, and was accompanied by the Washington/ National Battalion Volunteers. He arrived at Culpeper Courthouse, Culpeper County, Virginia, at 10 AM on 28 April, 1861, and was ordered to proceed by the Orange & Alexandria Railroad to Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.49, Headquarters, Department of Alexandria, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 19 June, 1861. Colonel P St G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, was assigned to command the Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, by General Orders No.20, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction, Prince William County, Virginia, on 20 June, 1861, and was ordered to Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Special Orders No.328, Headquarters, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, Fairfax Courthouse, Fairfax County, Virginia, on 15 September, 1861. He was appointed brigadier general, Confederate States Army, on 21 October, 1861, and committed suicide at Belmead, on the James River, nine miles northwest of Powhatan Courthouse, Powhatan, Powhatan County, Virginia, on 26 December, 1861 (See the Garrison at Alexandria).

Note: Brigadier General/ Colonel P St G Cocke, Virginia Volunteers, was assigned to command the troops at Rappahannock, Culpeper, Madison, Green, Orange, Albemarle, Nelson, Amherst, Campbell, Bedford, Roanoke, Botetourt, and Craig Counties, by Special Orders No.39, Paragraph III, Headquarters of the Division, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 10 May, 1861.

The 18th Virginia Infantry was was assigned to the Fourth Brigade, Second Division, Potomac District, Department of Northern Virginia, under the command of Brigadier General P St G Cocke, Confederate States Army, by General Orders No.18, Adjutant & Inspector General's Office, Richmond, Henrico County, Virginia, on 16 November, 1861.

Reports

OFFICIAL REPORT NO.103: Series I, Volume 2 (Serial No.2), Chapter IX, pp546-548
Colonel R E Withers, Eighteenth Virginia Infantry

OFFICIAL REPORT: Series I, Volume 51, Part I (Serial No.107), pp24-32
Colonel P St. G Cocke, 19th Virginia Infantry, Fifth Brigade, First Corps, Army of the Potomac, dated Camp Suspension Bridge, in the vicinity of the Suspension Bridge, on Cub Run, one mile west of Centreville, Fairfax County, Virginia, 1 August, 1861